Your public IP address and connection details
Everyone who is online has a public Internet Protocol (IP) address — a unique numeric number assigned to every electronic device connected to the Internet. It is the digital equivalent of your home or work address. An IP address identifies your device among billions of others and locates it. Without an IP address, two devices cannot find each other and exchange information.
How does this exchange happen? Quite simply. First, you type the website name, say, sample.com, into the search engine. The problem is that your device speaks the digital language and only understands numbers. So it looks up the IP address of that site and then loads the page on your screen.
Most Internet Service Providers (ISPs) worldwide use IPv4. It consists of four decimal numbers from 0 to 255, separated by dots.
This version generates only 4.3 billion unique IP addresses because it uses 32 bits — not enough for the current number of internet users.
It was introduced to ensure the world won't run out of IP addresses. IPv6 uses 128 bits, which provides 3.4 × 10³⁸ possible addresses.
If a group of numbers contains only 0s, the protocol will omit them and add two colons to show a gap, saving space.