Jira Service Desk outage history

We are investigating an issue impacting Jira Service Management. Affected users may experience errors or slowness when viewing or interacting with the Affected Services field. Our teams are actively investigating the root cause. We will provide the next update in the next 1 hour, or sooner.

We have identified the cause of the issue affecting Jira Service Management and are currently deploying a fix. We expect to see recovery shortly and will continue to monitor the situation closely. We will provide the next update in 60 minutes, or sooner if there is a material update.

The performance degradation of Jira Service Management has been resolved, and services are now operating normally for all affected customers. We'll continue to monitor performance closely to confirm stability.

On September 3, 2026, some Jira Service Management users may have experienced errors viewing the Affected Services field or performance degradation on the web. The issue has now been resolved, and the service is operating normally for all affected customers.

We have identified the root cause of the issue impacting Jira Work Item transitions and have applied a fix. We are currently seeing signs of recovery and will continue to monitor. We will provide the next update in the next 1 hour, or sooner if there is a material update.

On 1st Sept 2026, between 04:22 UTC to 10:59 UTC, some Jira users may have experienced service disruptions. The issue has now been resolved and the service is operating normally for all the customers.

Our teams have identified this issue is also impacting Jira Service Management. We will update further as soon as possible.

We are investigating an issue with accessing products that is impacting Confluence, Jira Cloud and Jira Serivce Management customers. Our team is urgently investigating this issue and we will provide further details within one hour or sooner if information is available.

Our teams have identified a possible fix for the issues impacting Jira Cloud, Jira Service Management and Confluence. This is now being rolled out to impacted regions and we will update within one hour, or sooner if further information is available.

The issues relating to loading Jira Cloud, Jira Service Management and Confluence are now in recovery. We'll continue to monitor closely to confirm stability and provide an update within one hour, or sooner as more information becomes available.

On 27 August 2026 UTC, Atlassian products including Jira Cloud, Jira Service Management and Confluence experienced a disruption, and services were unavailable to affected users. The issue has now been resolved, and the service is operating normally for all affected customers. A public postmortem for this incident will be made available on this page when our full investigation of the incident has been completed.

**SUMMARY** On August 27, 2026, between 03:51 and 04:35 UTC, Atlassian customers in the Western Europe and Southeast APAC regions were unable to reach Atlassian Cloud products, including Atlassian Analytics, Compass, Confluence, Focus, Guard, Jira, JPD, JSM, Opsgenie, Rovo Search, and Talent. The event was triggered by a defective code change to the routing layer of one of our proxy fleets. This led to HTTP 404 errors being served to all customer traffic through these proxy fleets in Western Europe and Southeast APAC regions. The incident was detected within 1 minute by our automated monitoring systems, and mitigated by rolling back to the previous configuration release, which put the proxy fleet into a known good state. After the proxy fleet recovered, some Jira and Confluence customers (regardless of location) received HTTP 503 errors between 04:33 and 04:53 UTC as server fleets adjusted to the influx of traffic. **IMPACT** The overall impact was split into two discrete periods: - First, on 27 August 2026, between 03:51 and 04:35 UTC on Atlassian Analytics, Compass, Confluence, Focus, Guard, Jira, JPD, JSM, Opsgenie, Rovo Search, and Talent. The incident caused service disruption to customer traffic originating from Western Europe and Southeast APAC regions, with HTTP 404 errors returned. There was no impact to customer API traffic, regardless of origin location. - Second, on 27 August 2026, between 04:33 and 04:53 UTC, some Jira and Confluence customers regardless of location received HTTP 503 errors after the HTTP 404 errors were solved: ~32% of requests in ap-southeast-2, ~4% of requests in eu-west-1, ~2.5% of requests in us-west-2 and ap-southeast-1, and <1% of requests in all remaining global regions. **ROOT CAUSE** The event was triggered by a code change to one of our proxy fleets. However, there was a defect in the code deployed which was not detected by manual and automated testing. This led to a misconfiguration of a tenant lookup functionality in the proxy tier, which led to traffic not having a valid network path, resulting in HTTP 404 errors being served to all customer traffic through these proxy fleets in Western Europe and Southeast APAC regions. After the proxy tier impact recovered, a second period of impact was caused to some Jira and Confluence customers. Due to the reduction of traffic served to Jira and Confluence by the proxy fleet, the Jira and Confluence service tiers had automatically scaled in the number of servers serving customer traffic. Once the proxy fleet functionality was restored, the surge of traffic overwhelmed the Jira service tier, which returned an elevated rate of HTTP 503s until it automatically scaled out again. **REMEDIAL ACTIONS PLAN & NEXT STEPS** We know that outages impact your productivity. While we have a number of testing and preventative processes in place, this specific issue wasn’t identified because the change was related to a very specific kind of edge case that was not picked up by our automated continuous deployment suites and manual test scripts. We are prioritizing the following improvement actions to help avoid repeating this type of incident: - **Adding further deployment safeguards:** The deployment pipeline for the configuration of the impacted proxy tier was using a legacy system and did not have the appropriate slow regional rollout features configured correctly. We have already added the correct safeguards, and we are moving this to our company standard deployment pipeline that includes all of our safety controls enabled by default. We are also auditing all networking services to validate that they are all on the new standard pipeline deployment service. - **Enhancing service fleet scaling policies:** The auto scaling configuration for our Jira and Confluence service fleets was configured to scale in too aggressively. We are thoroughly reviewing and updating all of the complex Jira and Confluence auto scaling policies to ensure that this doesn’t occur again. We apologize to customers whose services were impacted during this incident; we are taking immediate steps to improve the platform’s performance and availability. Thanks, Atlassian Customer Support

We are actively investigating reports of performance degradation resulting in increased latency for email, mobile, and slack notifications for Jira, JSM and Confluence. Our teams are investigating the issue and more information will be shared within the next 1 hour.

Our teams have identified the impacted regions and are actively working to mitigate the issue. We will provide further updates within an hour, or sooner if we have significant progress to share.

Our teams have taken few corrective measures to mitigate the issue in one of the impacted regions and are observing some improvements. We continue to monitor the situation and will take necessary actions until the incident is fully recovered. We will provide further updates within next two hours, or sooner if we have significant progress to share.

Our teams continue to mitigate the issue and are observing some improvements. We continue to monitor the situation and will take necessary actions until the incident is fully recovered. We will provide further updates within next two hours, or sooner if we have significant progress to share.

On 25th Aug 2026, some users may have experienced increased latency in email, mobile and slack notifications. The issue has now been resolved, and the service is operating normally for all customers.

We are actively investigating reports of performance degradation resulting in increased latency for email, mobile, and Slack notifications for JIRA, JSM, and Confluence. We will share updates here as more information is available.

Our teams have identified three impacted regions, and continue to investigate the increased latency affecting email, mobile, and Slack notifications for JIRA, JSM, and Confluence.

We have identified the likely cause of the issue, and our teams are diligently working on a mitigation. Affected users may experience increased latency in email, mobile, and Slack notifications for JIRA, JSM, and Confluence. We will continue to share additional updates here as more information is available.

On August 24, 2026, some JIRA, JSM, and Confluence users may have experienced performance degradation resulting in increased latency in email, mobile, and Slack notifications. The issue has been resolved for newly created notifications, and service is operating normally. There may be older notifications that are being processed, and we expect them to be completed in next few hours.

We are investigating issues affecting your services. We are actively working to identify the cause and resolve the issue. We will provide further updates within one hour.

Some customers experienced issues accessing affected services in the Central European region. We have been able to apply the fix to mitigate the issues and we are seeing recovery. We continue to monitor the situation and should be fully recovered soon. We should be able to provide more updates in the next one hour or earlier.

On August 7th - 2026, between 10:27 UTC to 11:49 UTC, some users in the Central European region may have experienced service access issues. The issue has now been resolved and the service is operating normally for all the customers.

We are actively investigating reports of performance degradation affecting JIRA and JSM. Affected users may experience errors viewing issues and boards. We will share updates here as more information is available.

The performance degradation of JIRA has been resolved, and services are now operating normally for all affected customers. We'll continue to monitor performance closely to confirm stability.

On August 7, 2026, JIRA, JWM, and JSM users may have experienced performance degradation when viewing issues and boards. The issue has now been resolved, and the service is operating normally for all affected customers.

We are working with our notification provider to resolve the issue. We will provide another update in 24 hours or as soon as more information becomes available.

A small number of voice notifications for Jira Service Management and Opsgenie customers using India based mobile numbers may fail. Customers may see failed voice call logs and not receive the expected paging call. Our 3rd party notification provider is actively working towards restoring the voice notification delivery and we will provide updates once the issue is resolved. If you need any further support or information, please reach out to our support team.

Our notification provider has identified the root of the issue that is causing voice call failures to some India-based mobile numbers. We understand the inconvenience this may cause and appreciate your patience while our provider works on restoring the service. If you have experienced any issues with voice notifications, please contact our Support for assistance.

We are actively investigating reports of performance degradation affecting Automation rules for Jira and Jira Service Management. We will share updates here as more information is available.

Our teams are continuing to investigate delays in Jira and Jira Service Management automation rule executions for some customers. We are seeing signs of improvement, but affected users may still experience delays. We'll share updates here as more information is available.

The team has identified a root cause and after initial testing, is now enacting scaling changes to help to prevent these rule execution delays. We'll monitor performance over the next 24 hours and provide an update at that time or sooner if we can confirm the improvement is in place.

Our team has been able to validate that all rule executions are performing normally and this issue is now resolved.

We are actively investigating reports of performance degradation affecting Automation rules for Jira and Jira Service Management. We will share updates here as more information is available.

We have identified the likely cause of the issue, and our teams are diligently working on a mitigation. We are currently seeing signs of improvements, however, affected users may experience delays in Jira and Jira Service management Automation rule executions. We'll continue to share additional updates here as more information is available.

On July 20, 2026, some Jira and Jira Service Management users may have experienced performance degradation of automation rule executions. The issue has now been resolved, and the service is operating normally for all affected customers.

We are investigating issues affecting your services. We are actively working to identify the cause and resolve the issue. We will provide further updates within one hour.

We have successfully applied the fix and are seeing recovery. Automation capabilities are being restored and should operate normally going forward. Data processing requests submitted during the outage period were not completed due to service unavailability. We continue to monitor the situation and expect full recovery within the next hour. We will provide additional updates in the next one hour or sooner.

We are still seeing some issues with user-search, user-picker and assets across with the EU-Region. We continue to investigate the situation and will provide additional updates in the next one hour or sooner.

We have applied the fix to mitigate the issue and are seeing recovery. We continue to monitor the situation and should be fully recovered soon. We should be able to provide more updates in the next one hour or earlier.

On July 6th 2026, between 06:51 UTC to 09:39 UTC some users may have experienced issues related Automation, and  between 08:10 UTC to 11:50 UTC some users may have experienced issues related to user-search, user-picker and assets in the EU-Region. The issues have now been resolved and the services are operating normally for all the customers.

## Summary On Jul 6, 2026, between 06:51 and 20:17 UTC, Atlassian customers using cloud products in European (EU) regions experienced service disruptions affecting automation rule execution, user search, user picker, and related workflows. The incident began when a core identity service experienced database saturation in EU regions, increasing latency and error rates. While responders worked to restore capacity, an emergency mitigation was applied which blocked automation rules from accessing the identity endpoint. In parallel, the elevated identity latency contributed to a cascading failure in a downstream user search service, degrading user search and user picker experiences across multiple products. Service was progressively restored after additional database read capacity was added, the emergency block was removed, and the user search service was manually scaled up. ## Impact The incident affected customers across multiple Atlassian products in EU regions on Jul 6, 2026 between 06:51 and 20:17 UTC. - **Core Identity service degradation:** elevated intermittent access denied rates were observed across products in EU regions. - **Automation rule execution failures:** automation rules using the default user (Automation for Jira) in Jira, Jira Service Management, and Jira Product Discovery in EU regions failed with a permissions error. - **User search and user picker failures:** user search success rates dropped significantly in EU regions, with user picker capability largely unavailable across products. ## Root Cause The incident originated from a recent configuration change that reduced the cache lifetime for a core identity service. As EU workday traffic ramped up on July 6, 2026, a larger share of requests began reaching the backing database directly rather than being served from cache. The EU databases did not have sufficient regional capacity to absorb the increased load, and database CPU reached saturation, causing elevated intermittent access denied rates. As part of the mitigation, an emergency block was applied to reduce load on the saturated identity service database and prioritize restoring the core identity service. This inadvertently prevented automation rules from passing their pre-execution permission checks, causing them to fail. The extended duration was primarily due to a secondary wave of automation rule failures caused by the processing limit throttling. In parallel, the sustained degradation caused increased latency and intermittent failures across products that depend on these checks, and contributed to a cascading failure in a downstream user search service. As a result, user search and user picker experiences became largely unavailable in EU regions until the permissions service recovered and the user search service was scaled up to restore capacity. ## Remedial Actions Plan & Next Steps We know outages impact customers' productivity. Atlassian is prioritizing the following actions to help prevent similar incidents in future: - **Improve safeguards for high-impact emergency mitigations:** Harden operational tooling so mitigation steps that could disable customer-facing workflows require additional review. - **Strengthen identity infrastructure capacity and change safety:** Review regional database sizing and capacity headroom to reduce the risk of saturation during peak traffic periods, and refine the assessment process for configuration changes so downstream load impact is evaluated before production rollout. - **Strengthen resilience against cascading failures from upstream degradation:** Audit backpressure handling, circuit breaker configuration, and autoscaling behavior in services, so that upstream degradation does not cause broader product impact across user search, user picker, and related experiences. - **Harden replay mechanisms for Automation rule failures:** Increase resilience of automation rules to reduce impact associated with incidents occurring in dependencies.. We recognize how critical reliable product workflows are for our customers, and we apologize to customers who were impacted by this incident. Thanks, Atlassian Customer Support

Jira and JSM customers using Microsoft OAuth for automatic creation of Jira tickets from email were unable to read email. This is now fixed and functional for all new incoming email processing. The impacted customers during the incident period need to re-authorise the Microsoft mail server to restore and below are the instructions. To re-authorise an incoming Microsoft mail server: Login in Jira as Admin Select  > System Select Mail > Incoming Mail. Select Edit incoming mail server. Select re-authorise . Enter your Microsoft credentials to continue using your Microsoft mail server.

Our team has proactively reached out to all impacted organizations providing the below instructions to re-authorize their Microsoft mail server. If you are still experiencing this issue, please attempt to complete the re-authorization as advised below. If further issues still occur that you believe to be related to this incident, please reach out to Atlassian support for further assistance.

Users are facing degraded performance while accessing Assets page which is impacting Assets object creation, updation and deletion activities. Our teams are investigating actively and will be sharing more details in next 1 hour.

On June 10 2026, between 08:10 and 09:08 UTC, users experienced degraded performance and inability to load the Assets page, which is impacting the ability to create, update, and delete assets. We have implemented a fix and services have been restored to normal operation for all affected customers.

We are investigating reports of extended delays being experienced across tasks such as processing of Incoming Emails, Notifications relating to changes or creation of Work Items, in addition to delays in processing Scheduled Triggers from Marketplace apps. Our team is looking into this with urgency and we will provide further update within one hour as our investigation continues.

Our team has identified the root cause for this issue and has now deployed a fix that is rolling out across impacted products. At this time we are monitoring for the recovery of these events across Jira Service Management, Jira Cloud and Ecosystem app Scheduled Triggers. We will provide further update within one hour or when we have seen a full recovery of all task processing across these products.

Our team has now determined that performance has returned to expected levels for those impacted by this incident. Additional products that are now known to have been impacted by this incident are Confluence, Customer Service Management, and Jira Product Discovery. These products would have seen similar impact where email notifications or processing of events may have been delayed while this incident was underway. We are now monitoring for the full recovery of performance across all products and will update when we are confident this issue is fully resolved, or within one hour, whichever is sooner.

We are now confident that any of the tasks that were impacted by this incident and were delayed should now be operating as expected. We apologize for any inconvenience that this issue may have caused.

We are investigating reports of intermittent errors and degredated performance for some Jira Service Management and Jira Cloud customers. We will provide further updates within one hour.

Our team has now identified what we believe to be the root cause of this issue and is working on a fix. The expected fix for this issue will be rolling out progressively so customers should see resolutions to their issues viewing Jira boards and work items occurring over the next few hours. We will provide further update either when the update has fully completed or within 3 hours, whichever occurs earlier.

Our team has been able to apply the fix and mitigate the issue. The services have been restored to normal operations. We will continue to actively monitor over the next 8 hours to confirm stability.

The issue has now been resolved, and the service is operating normally for all affected customers.

We are actively investigating reports of performance degradation affecting Jira and Jira Software Management customers. We'll provide an update here within the next hour, or sooner if new information becomes available.

We have identified an issue causing degraded performance with Jira Software front-end experiences affecting view board, navigation, and backlog across multiple regions. Our engineering team is actively working on a resolution. We will provide an update within the next hour.

On June 08 2026, between 01:30 and 02:40 UTC, users experienced degraded performance with Jira Software front-end experiences affecting view board, navigation, and backlog across multiple regions. We have implemented a fix and services have been restored to normal operation. We continue to monitor the situation closely.

We are actively investigating reports of performance degradation affecting Jira and Jira Software Management customers. Some customers may experiences delays in rule execution. We'll provide an update here within the next hour, or sooner if new information becomes available.

On June 2, 2026, some Jira and Jira Service Management users in the US-East region may have experienced performance degradation of automation rule executions. The issue has now been resolved, and the service is operating normally for all affected customers. Previously delayed automation rules are expected to be completed within 12 hours.

We are investigating cases of partial-outage for Jira-software in the EU Region. We will provide more details within the next hour.

We have identified an issue causing degraded performance for Jira Software, Jira Work Management, and Jira Service Management in the EU region. affected users may experience 5XX errors when accessing issues, boards, and navigation. Our engineering team is actively working on a resolution. We will provide an update within the next hour.

We have implemented a fix for the issue causing degraded performance for Jira Software and Jira Service Management in the EU region. The impact has been mitigated, and we are actively monitoring the stability.

This incident has been resolved. The issue causing degraded performance for Jira Software and Jira Service Management in the EU region has been fully mitigated. We have deployed a fix to prevent recurrence. If you continue to experience issues, please contact Atlassian Support. We apologise for the disruption and thank you for your patience.

**SUMMARY** On June 01, 2026, between 06:54 and 08:28 UTC, Atlassian customers using Jira, Jira Service Management, and Jira Work Management were unable to view issues, boards, and backlogs, and experienced errors when performing transitions, adding comments, and navigating the product. The event was triggered by caching infrastructure autoscaling failure. The issue only impacted customers hosted in Europe. The incident was detected within 8 minutes by our automated monitoring system and mitigated by progressively scaling the caching clusters manually. The total time to resolution was 1 hour and 34 minutes due to the progressive recovery. **IMPACT** The incident caused service disruption for customers hosted in the Europe region who were unable to access core experiences across Jira Software, Jira Service Management, and Jira Work Management. **ROOT CAUSE** The root cause of the incident was a capacity constraint on our caching infrastructure in one availability zone of our EU Central cloud region. As morning traffic increased, our caching clusters attempted to scale out automatically. However, the cloud infrastructure was unable to provision additional nodes in that availability zone due to insufficient underlying capacity. Our caching infrastructure is designed to scale across multiple availability zones to ensure balanced and resilient capacity. On this occasion, a capacity constraint in one availability zone prevented the scaling operation from completing as expected. With the caching layer unable to grow to meet demand, the clusters began to experience network and/or CPU saturation and could not handle all incoming requests within the expected timeout window. Since a single user request to Jira typically involves multiple cache calls, timeouts compound rapidly. As more threads became blocked waiting on timed-out or slow cache operations, the application nodes reached its busy thread limit and began shedding load. While additional application nodes were added, these also experienced the same thread limit saturation due to the saturation of the cache layer resulting in widespread 503 service unavailable errors for customers. **REMEDIAL ACTIONS PLAN & NEXT STEPS** We know that outages impact your productivity. In addition to existing safeguards and monitoring, Atlassian is prioritizing the following actions to help prevent similar incidents in future: - **Increased minimum caching cluster size**: We have increased the minimum number of nodes in all affected caching clusters in the EU Central region. This ensures sufficient capacity headroom to handle peak traffic without relying on autoscaling, reducing the risk of a similar failure occurring. - **Change autoscaling behaviour**: We are working on improvements to our autoscaling behaviour to fall back to other availability zones when capacity is unavailable in a single zone. We apologize to customers whose services were impacted during this incident; we are taking immediate steps to improve the platform’s performance and availability. Thanks, Atlassian Customer Support

We are aware that the current issues with accessing Atlassian products are impacting additional products. We have now expanded the impact of the incident to cover the known impacted products at this time. We will provide further update within one hour or sooner as information is available.

Further confirmations of impacted products have now been added to the incident. Our team is investigating the issue with urgency and we will provide further update as soon as it becomes available.

It is likely if you are experiencing any issues relating to logging in or accessing Atlassian products at this time it is likely due to this ongoing incident. We are continuing to receive reports about expanded product impact resulting from this incident. While our team continues to investigate the issue with urgency, we will continue to provide further updates here with additional information. We will provide further update within one hour, or sooner as further information becomes available.

Our team has identified the root cause of this issue and is now actively working on mitigating the issue with accessing Atlassian products. At this time, Atlassian customers should also be able to once again raise support requests with our team. We will provide further update within an hour as we are able to progress mitigating this issue.

Our team has implemented a mitigation for this issue and we are now seeing recovery across Atlassian products. We will continue to monitor this issue for any ongoing concerns, and provide further updates here within an hour as we are able to confirm a full recovery has taken place.

We are now able to see recovery for all impacted products, and users should be able to access their products as expected. Our team is continuing to monitor all products and services to ensure there is no further impact, and we will provide further update when this has been validated and the incident is closed.

We are approaching full system recovery at this time, and are performing final confirmations that services are restored.

All products and services impacted by this incident should now be fully recovered, and this incident is resolved.

### Summary On May 14, 2026, between 04:30 and 05:26 UTC, Atlassian customers experienced widespread service disruption across multiple Atlassian Cloud products. The issue was caused by a race condition in our internal deployment orchestration platform during a routine rollback operation of a core identity service in the us-east region. This race condition resulted in insufficient capacity for the identity service in the affected region which started returning errors to dependent products. The incident was detected within a minute by automated monitoring systems and mitigated in 56 minutes. ### **IMPACT** During the incident, customers attempting to access Atlassian Cloud products in the us-east region experienced authentication and permission failures and were unable to access services. Customers also experienced errors when accessing the support portal until Atlassian fell back to an alternate support method. This was caused by a core identity service in the us-east region becoming unavailable. Affected products included Atlassian Administration, Atlassian Analytics, Bitbucket, Compass, Confluence, Jira, Jira Product Discovery, Jira Service Management and Trello. Some users outside us-east may have been affected in certain scenarios. ### **ROOT CAUSE** The incident was caused by a race condition in our internal deployment orchestration platform during a routine rollback operation of a core identity service in the us-east region. This race condition resulted in insufficient capacity for the identity service in the affected region which started returning errors to dependent products. ### **REMEDIAL ACTIONS PLAN & NEXT STEPS** We know that outages impact your productivity. Atlassian is prioritizing the following actions to help prevent similar incidents in future: * **Refine deployment orchestration safeguards** * Harden our deployment platform to prevent similar race conditions or resulting capacity loss during a rollback operation. * Streamline mitigation steps when a service becomes unavailable in a region. * **Reduce cross-region impact** * Improve regional isolation and fallback handling so an issue affecting a single region is less likely to impact customers or product functionality in other regions. We recognise how critical reliable access to Atlassian products is for our customers' productivity, and we apologize to customers who were impacted by this incident. Thanks, Atlassian

We are aware that some users are experiencing an excessive number of notifications arriving from Jira Service Management (Assist) as our team replays delayed events experienced in this prior incident: https://jira-service-management.status.atlassian.com/incidents/v307yb60q5g7 At this time we expect that the vast majority of these notifications will be arriving within the next two hours. We will provide further update at that time or sooner if further information becomes available.

Some of the users continue to experience an excessive number of notifications arriving from JSM (Assist) as our team replays delayed events experienced in this prior incident: https://jira-service-management.status.atlassian.com/incidents/v307yb60q5g7 At this time we expect that these notifications will be arriving for the next few hours, until the recovery of the delayed events are processed which is taking longer than expected (ETA approx. 4 hours). We will provide further updates within 6 hours or sooner if the recovery occurs.

This incident has been resolved. During the incident window, some customers using Atlassian Assist experienced excessive notifications as our team replayed delayed events caused by this prior incident: https://jira-service-management.status.atlassian.com/incidents/v307yb60q5g7 Our engineering team identified and addressed the issue. All services have fully recovered, and notification delivery is operating normally. No data loss occurred as a result of this incident. We apologize for the disruption and any confusion caused by the excessive notifications.